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Reposrdiff-backup/rdiff-backup
Views\"views\"
Stars\"stars\"
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License\"license\"
UpdatedAt\"last-commit\"
CreatedAt\"create-at\"
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\n\n
\n

:doctype: book
\n:sectnums:
\n:toc!:

\n

image::docs/resources/logo-banner.png[\"rdiff-backup banner\",align=\"center\"]

\n

[.text-center]
\nlink:https://rdiff-backup.net/[*website*] .
\nlink:https://github.com/rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup/releases[*download*] .
\nlink:https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/rdiff-backup-users[*community*]

\n

[.text-center]
\nimage:https://img.shields.io/github/license/rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup[\"License\",link=\"COPYING\"]
\nimage:https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/6072/badge[\"OpenSSF Best Practices\",link=\"https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/projects/6072\"]
\nimage:https://github.com/rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup/actions/workflows/test_linux.yml/badge.svg[Linux]
\nimage:https://github.com/rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup/actions/workflows/test_windows.yml/badge.svg[Windows]
\nimage:https://github.com/rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup/actions/workflows/jekyll-gh-pages.yml/badge.svg[Pages]

\n

= rdiff-backup

\n

rdiff-backup is a simple backup tool which can be used locally and remotely, on Linux and Windows, and even cross-platform between both.
\nUsers have reported using it successfully on FreeBSD and MacOS X.

\n

Beside its ease of use, one of the main advantages of rdiff-backup is that it does use the same efficient protocol as rsync to transfer and store data.
\nBecause rdiff-backup only stores the differences from the previous backup to the next one (a so called https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incremental_backup#Reverse_incremental[reverse incremental backup]), the latest backup is always a full backup, making it easiest and fastest to restore the most recent backups, combining the space advantages of incremental backups while keeping the speed advantages of full backups (at least for recent ones).

\n

If the optional dependencies pylibacl and pyxattr are installed, rdiff-backup will support https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access-control_list#Filesystem_ACLs[Access Control Lists] and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extended_file_attributes[Extended Attributes] provided the file system(s) also support these features.

\n

== INSTALLATION

\n

In older Linux distributions the rdiff-backup versions are of the 1.x series, which is not recommended for new installs anymore.
\nFollow the instructions below to install the latest 2.x release of rdiff-backup.

\n

CAUTION: rdiff-backup 1.x and 2.x aren't compatible and can't be mixed in server/client mode!
\nSee xref:docs/migration.adoc[how to migrate side-by-side].

\n

=== Ubuntu Focal or Debian Bullseye or newer (has 2.0)

\n
\n

sudo apt install rdiff-backup

\n

=== Ubuntu backports for older versions (needs a backported 2.0)

\n
\n

sudo apt install software-properties-common
\nsudo add-apt-repository ppa:rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup-backports
\nsudo apt update
\nsudo apt install rdiff-backup

\n

=== RHEL 7 and its replicas (from EPEL)

\n
\n

sudo yum install epel-release
\nsudo yum install rdiff-backup
\nsudo yum install py3libacl pyxattr

\n

NOTE: the last line is optional to get ACLs and EAs support.

\n

=== RHEL 8 and its replicas (from EPEL)

\n
\n

sudo dnf install epel-release
\nsudo dnf --enablerepo=PowerTools install rdiff-backup

\n

NOTE: you can add the option --setopt=install_weak_deps=False to the last line if you don't need ACLs and EAs support.
\nYou can install python3-pylibacl and python3-pyxattr also separately.
\nUnder RHEL, the repo to enable is https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/8/html/package_manifest/codereadylinuxbuilder-repository[codeready-builder-for-rhel-8-x86_64-rpms] in order to get access to pyxattr, instead of PowerTools.

\n

NOTE: This does not enable updates for PowerTools, check the distribution documentation for details on how to do this.

\n

=== Fedora 34+

\n
\n

sudo dnf install rdiff-backup

\n

NOTE: for earlier versions, see the COPR instructions below.

\n

=== Debian and derivatives, Raspbian, etc. (from PyPi)

\n
\n

sudo apt install python3-pip python3-setuptools python3-pylibacl python3-pyxattr
\nsudo pip3 install rdiff-backup

\n

NOTE: If your platform is not i386 or amd64, e.g.
\nARM/MIPS/etc, you may need the build dependencies build-essentials, librsync-dev.

\n

=== CentOS and RHEL 6 (from PyPi)

\n
\n

sudo yum install centos-release-scl
\nsudo yum install rh-python36 gcc libacl-devel
\nscl enable rh-python36 bash
\nsudo pip install rdiff-backup pyxattr pylibacl # or rdiff-backup[meta]
\necho 'exec scl enable rh-python36 -- rdiff-backup \"$@\"' | sudo tee /usr/bin/rdiff-backup
\nsudo chmod +x /usr/bin/rdiff-backup

\n

=== Fedora and derivatives (from PyPI)

\n
\n

sudo dnf install python3-pip python3-setuptools py3libacl python3-pyxattr
\nsudo pip3 install rdiff-backup

\n

=== Other Linux and UN*X-oid systems, e.g. BSD (from PyPi)

\n

You need to make sure that the following requirements are met, using your system's package/software/application manager, searching there for the following keywords:

\n\n

Then you should only need to call one of the following before you can use rdiff-backup:

\n

[source,shell]

\n

sudo pip3 install rdiff-backup # without optional dependencies
\nsudo pip3 install rdiff-backup[meta] # with support for metadata, ACLs and EAs

\n

NOTE: especially if your platform is not i386 or amd64, e.g.
\nARM/MIPS/PowerPC/etc, but also if the pip3 installation fails with #include [...].h files missing, you may need the build dependencies named like python3-devel, librsync-dev or libacl1-dev.

\n

=== Windows

\n

Just download and unpack the file rdiff-backup-VERSION.win64exe.zip (or win32 if need be).
\nIt is available as asset attached to one of the releases available in the https://github.com/rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup/releases[releases section].
\nThen drop the binary rdiff-backup.exe somewhere in your PATH and it should work, as it comes with all dependencies included.

\n

NOTE: starting with rdiff-backup 2.1.1 embedding Python 3.10, rdiff-backup https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/[cannot be used on Windows 7 or earlier].

\n

Another way to install rdiff-backup is to use https://chocolatey.org/[Chocolatey] and call https://community.chocolatey.org/packages/rdiff-backup#install[choco install rdiff-backup].

\n

For remote operations, you will need to have an SSH package installed.
\nThe standard one provided by Microsoft is probably your safest choice, else we recommend using OpenSSH from http://www.mls-software.com/opensshd.html[mls-software.com].

\n

== BASIC USAGE

\n

Creating your first backup is as easy as calling rdiff-backup <source-dir> <backup-dir> (possibly as root), e.g.
\nrdiff-backup -v5 /home/myuser /run/media/myuser/MYUSBDRIVE/homebackup would save your whole home directory (under Linux) to a USB drive (which you should have formatted with a POSIX file system, e.g.
\next4 or xfs).
\nWithout the -v5 (v for verbosity), rdiff-backup isn't very talkative, hence the recommendation.

\n

Subsequent backups can simply be done by calling exactly the same command, again and again.
\nOnly the differences will be saved to the backup directory.

\n

If you need to restore the latest version of a file you lost, it can be as simple as copying it back using normal operating system means (cp or copy, or even pointing your file browser at the backup directory).
\nE.g.
\ntaking the above example cp -i /run/media/myuser/MYUSBDRIVE/homebackup/mydir/myfile /home/myuser/mydir/myfile and the lost file is back!

\n

There are many more ways to use and tweak rdiff-backup, they're documented in the man pages, in the link:docs/[documentation directory], or on https://rdiff-backup.net[our website].

\n

== TROUBLESHOOTING

\n

If you have everything installed properly, and it still doesn't work, see the enclosed xref:docs/FAQ.adoc[FAQ], the https://rdiff-backup.net/[rdiff-backup web page] and/or the https://lists.nongnu.org/mailman/listinfo/rdiff-backup-users[rdiff-backup-users mailing list].

\n

We're also happy to help if you create an issue to our https://github.com/rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup/issues[GitHub repo].
\nThe most important is probably to explain what happened with which version of rdiff-backup, with which command parameters on which operating system version, and attach the output of rdiff-backup run with the very verbose option -v9.

\n

The FAQ in particular is an important reference, especially if you are using smbfs/CIFS, Windows, or have compiled by hand on Mac OS X.

\n

== CONTRIBUTING

\n

Rdiff-backup is an open source software developed by many people over a long period of time.
\nThere is no particular company backing the development of rdiff-backup, so we rely very much on individual contributors who \"scratch their itch\".
\nAll contributions are welcome!

\n

There are many ways to contribute:

\n\n

If you don't have anything particular in your mind but want to help out, just browse the list of issues.
\nBoth coding and non-coding tasks have been filed as issues.

\n

For source code related documentation see xref:docs/DEVELOP.adoc[docs/DEVELOP.adoc]

\n

=== Installing latest development release

\n

To provide meaningful bug reports and help with testing, please use the latest development release.

\n

==== Ubuntu and Debian development releases

\n
\n

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:rdiff-backup/rdiff-backup-development
\nsudo apt update
\nsudo apt install rdiff-backup

\n

==== Fedora, CentOS and RHEL (from COPR)

\n

On CentOS and RHEL (7 and 8):

\n
\n

sudo yum install dnf-plugins-core epel-release
\nsudo yum copr enable frankcrawford/rdiff-backup
\nsudo yum install rdiff-backup

\n

On Fedora 30+:

\n
\n

sudo dnf install dnf-plugins-core
\nsudo dnf copr enable frankcrawford/rdiff-backup
\nsudo dnf install rdiff-backup

\n

==== PyPi pre-releases

\n
\n

sudo pip3 install rdiff-backup --pre

\n

== Packaging status in distros

\n

image::https://repology.org/badge/vertical-allrepos/rdiff-backup.svg?columns=4&minversion=2.2[Packaging status,link=https://repology.org/project/rdiff-backup/versions]

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