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ReposFiloSottile/mkcert
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mkcert

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mkcert is a simple tool for making locally-trusted development certificates. It requires no configuration.

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$ mkcert -install\nCreated a new local CA 💥\nThe local CA is now installed in the system trust store! ⚡️\nThe local CA is now installed in the Firefox trust store (requires browser restart)! 🦊\n\n$ mkcert example.com \"*.example.com\" example.test localhost 127.0.0.1 ::1\n\nCreated a new certificate valid for the following names 📜\n - \"example.com\"\n - \"*.example.com\"\n - \"example.test\"\n - \"localhost\"\n - \"127.0.0.1\"\n - \"::1\"\n\nThe certificate is at \"./example.com+5.pem\" and the key at \"./example.com+5-key.pem\" ✅\n
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\"Chrome

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Using certificates from real certificate authorities (CAs) for development can be dangerous or impossible (for hosts like example.test, localhost or 127.0.0.1), but self-signed certificates cause trust errors. Managing your own CA is the best solution, but usually involves arcane commands, specialized knowledge and manual steps.

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mkcert automatically creates and installs a local CA in the system root store, and generates locally-trusted certificates. mkcert does not automatically configure servers to use the certificates, though, that's up to you.

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Installation

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Warning: the rootCA-key.pem file that mkcert automatically generates gives complete power to intercept secure requests from your machine. Do not share it.

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macOS

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On macOS, use Homebrew

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brew install mkcert\nbrew install nss # if you use Firefox\n
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or MacPorts.

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sudo port selfupdate\nsudo port install mkcert\nsudo port install nss # if you use Firefox\n
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Linux

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On Linux, first install certutil.

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sudo apt install libnss3-tools\n    -or-\nsudo yum install nss-tools\n    -or-\nsudo pacman -S nss\n    -or-\nsudo zypper install mozilla-nss-tools\n
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Then you can install using Homebrew on Linux

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brew install mkcert\n
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or build from source (requires Go 1.13+)

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git clone https://github.com/FiloSottile/mkcert && cd mkcert\ngo build -ldflags \"-X main.Version=$(git describe --tags)\"\n
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or use the pre-built binaries.

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curl -JLO \"https://dl.filippo.io/mkcert/latest?for=linux/amd64\"\nchmod +x mkcert-v*-linux-amd64\nsudo cp mkcert-v*-linux-amd64 /usr/local/bin/mkcert\n
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For Arch Linux users, mkcert is available on the official Arch Linux repository.

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sudo pacman -Syu mkcert\n
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Windows

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On Windows, use Chocolatey

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choco install mkcert\n
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or use Scoop

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scoop bucket add extras\nscoop install mkcert\n
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or build from source (requires Go 1.10+), or use the pre-built binaries.

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If you're running into permission problems try running mkcert as an Administrator.

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Supported root stores

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mkcert supports the following root stores:

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To only install the local root CA into a subset of them, you can set the TRUST_STORES environment variable to a comma-separated list. Options are: \"system\", \"java\" and \"nss\" (includes Firefox).

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Advanced topics

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Advanced options

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\t-cert-file FILE, -key-file FILE, -p12-file FILE\n\t    Customize the output paths.\n\n\t-client\n\t    Generate a certificate for client authentication.\n\n\t-ecdsa\n\t    Generate a certificate with an ECDSA key.\n\n\t-pkcs12\n\t    Generate a \".p12\" PKCS #12 file, also know as a \".pfx\" file,\n\t    containing certificate and key for legacy applications.\n\n\t-csr CSR\n\t    Generate a certificate based on the supplied CSR. Conflicts with\n\t    all other flags and arguments except -install and -cert-file.\n
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Note: You must place these options before the domain names list.

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Example

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mkcert -key-file key.pem -cert-file cert.pem example.com *.example.com\n
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S/MIME

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mkcert automatically generates an S/MIME certificate if one of the supplied names is an email address.

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mkcert filippo@example.com\n
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Mobile devices

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For the certificates to be trusted on mobile devices, you will have to install the root CA. It's the rootCA.pem file in the folder printed by mkcert -CAROOT.

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On iOS, you can either use AirDrop, email the CA to yourself, or serve it from an HTTP server. After opening it, you need to install the profile in Settings > Profile Downloaded and then enable full trust in it.

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For Android, you will have to install the CA and then enable user roots in the development build of your app. See this StackOverflow answer.

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Using the root with Node.js

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Node does not use the system root store, so it won't accept mkcert certificates automatically. Instead, you will have to set the NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS environment variable.

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export NODE_EXTRA_CA_CERTS=\"$(mkcert -CAROOT)/rootCA.pem\"\n
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Changing the location of the CA files

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The CA certificate and its key are stored in an application data folder in the user home. You usually don't have to worry about it, as installation is automated, but the location is printed by mkcert -CAROOT.

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If you want to manage separate CAs, you can use the environment variable $CAROOT to set the folder where mkcert will place and look for the local CA files.

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Installing the CA on other systems

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Installing in the trust store does not require the CA key, so you can export the CA certificate and use mkcert to install it in other machines.

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Remember that mkcert is meant for development purposes, not production, so it should not be used on end users' machines, and that you should not export or share rootCA-key.pem.

","updatedAt":"2025-05-21T16:11:59Z","upvoteCount":null,"author":{"login":"eryajf","avatarUrl":"https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/33259379?u=e4a4090a38ac2473aaed4ef9945233636776c6c3&v=4","url":"https://github.com/eryajf"},"category":null,"labels":{"edges":[{"node":{"name":"更多","color":"25B472"}},{"node":{"name":"Dev-Tools","color":"48310b"}},{"node":{"name":"FiloSottile","color":"7c8655"}}]},"comments":{"edges":[]}}},"pageContext":{"number":377,"previous":{"title":"mitmproxy/mitmproxy: 一个交互式的、支持 SSL/TLS 的拦截代理，具有用于 HTTP/1、HTTP/2 和 WebSockets 的控制台界面。","number":376},"next":{"title":"mkdocs/mkdocs: MkDocs 是一个快速、简单且华丽的静态站点生成器，适用于构建项目文档。文档源文件是用 Markdown 编写的，并使用单个 YAML 配置文件进行配置。它的设计易于使用，并且可以通过第三方主题、插件和 Markdown 扩展进行扩展。","number":378}}}, "staticQueryHashes": ["151096407","2861350382"]}